Occupation

Astronomers

Human Advantage 69%

Significant human skills needed

AI Automation Risk Low Risk
2.8 / 10

This occupation requires complex human judgment, social interaction, and creative problem-solving that are difficult to automate.

Observe, research, and interpret astronomical phenomena to increase basic knowledge or apply such information to practical problems.

Also Known As: Astronomer, Astronomy Outreach Coordinator, Astrophysicist, Cosmologist, Extragalactic Astronomer, Galactic Astronomer, High-Energy Astrophysicist, Institute Scientist +8 more

Video

Core Tasks

  1. Analyze research data to determine its significance, using computers.
  2. Present research findings at scientific conferences and in papers written for scientific journals.
  3. Study celestial phenomena, using a variety of ground-based and space-borne telescopes and scientific instruments.
  4. Collaborate with other astronomers to carry out research projects.
  5. Mentor graduate students and junior colleagues.
  6. Supervise students' research on celestial and astronomical phenomena.
  7. Teach astronomy or astrophysics.
  8. Develop theories based on personal observations or on observations and theories of other astronomers.
  9. Measure radio, infrared, gamma, and x-ray emissions from extraterrestrial sources.
  10. Develop instrumentation and software for astronomical observation and analysis.
  11. Review scientific proposals and research papers.
  12. Raise funds for scientific research.
  13. Develop and modify astronomy-related programs for public presentation.
  14. Serve on professional panels and committees.
  15. Calculate orbits and determine sizes, shapes, brightness, and motions of different celestial bodies.
  16. Conduct question-and-answer presentations on astronomy topics with public audiences.

Supplemental Tasks (1)

  1. Direct the operations of a planetarium.

Emerging Tasks

New and evolving responsibilities for this role:

  • Write and review scientific proposals and research papers.

Education & Training

Job Zone 5 Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed
Education: Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree).
Experience: Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job.
On-the-Job Training: Employees may need some on-the-job training, but most of these occupations assume that the person will already have the required skills, knowledge, work-related experience, and/or training.

Education Level Distribution

Percentage of workers in this occupation with each education level.

Doctoral Degree
65%
Post-Doctoral Training
26%
Master's Degree
9%

Technology & Tools

Hot Technologies

  • Apache Hadoop
  • C++
  • IBM SPSS Statistics
  • Linux
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Microsoft PowerPoint
  • Microsoft Word
  • Oracle Java
  • Python
  • R
  • SAS
  • Structured query language SQL
  • The MathWorks MATLAB

Software (36)

  • Abstraction plus reference plus synthesis A++
  • Adaptive optics AO simulation software
  • Analyze
  • Astronomical Image Processing System AIPS
  • Astronomical Image Processing for Windows AIP4WIN
  • Astronomical information processing system AIPS++
  • Avis Fits Viewer
  • Data reduction software
  • Diffraction Limited MaxIm DL
  • European Southern Observatory Munich Image Data Analysis System ESO-MIDAS
  • Formula translation/translator FORTRAN
  • IRIS
  • Interface definition language IDL
  • MSB Software Astroart
  • Multipurpose Interactive Image Processing System MIIPS
  • National Instruments LabVIEW
  • Software Bisque CCDSoft
  • Software development tools
  • Spectroscopy databases
  • Starcal
  • Visual Numerics PV-WAVE
  • Web browser software

Tools & Equipment (49)

  • Atomic absorption AA spectroscopes
  • Automated telescopes
  • Ball mills
  • Baseband recorders
  • Charge-coupled device CCD imagers
  • Cryostats
  • Desktop computers
  • Differential scanning calorimeters
  • Dobsonian telescopes
  • Doppler Rayleigh laser imaging ranging and detecting LIDAR systems
  • Ebert-Fastie spectrometers
  • Echelle spectrometers
  • Electron beam ion traps EBIT
  • European VLBI Network EVN telescopes
  • Fourier transform infrared FTIR spectrometers
  • High powered binoculars
  • High resolution spectrographs
  • Interferometers
  • Laptop computers
  • Laser imaging detection and ranging LIDAR systems
  • Low resolution imaging spectrographs
  • Multi-object spectrographs MOS
  • Near-infrared imagers and spectrometers NIRI
  • Near-infrared integral field spectrometers
  • Optical interferometers
  • Optical telescopes
  • Personal computers
  • Photometer
  • Planetary radar transmitters
  • Pulsar processors
  • Radio antennas
  • Radio telescopes
  • Reflector telescopes
  • Refracting telescopes
  • Resonance fluorescence laser imaging detection and ranging LIDAR systems
  • Scanning telescopes
  • Schmidt-Cassegrain telescopes
  • Scientific calculators
  • Single-dish radio telescopes
  • Solar telescope filters
  • Solar telescopes
  • Spectroscopes
  • Thermal evaporators
  • Tilting filter photometers
  • Very large array VLA telescopes
  • Very long baseline array VLBA telescopes
  • Wide-field mosaic charge-coupled device CCD cameras
  • Wideband pulsar processors
  • X ray diffractometers

Where This Career Leads

Career progression organized by specialty track and experience level.

Local, State, & Federal Services Advanced Manufacturing

Zone 3
Energy Auditors 79% match
Zone 5
Astronomers You are here

Military & National Security Advanced Manufacturing

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Real Talk

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