Occupation

Molecular and Cellular Biologists

Human Advantage 73%

Significant human skills needed

AI Automation Risk Low Risk
2.5 / 10

This occupation requires complex human judgment, social interaction, and creative problem-solving that are difficult to automate.

Research and study cellular molecules and organelles to understand cell function and organization.

Also Known As: Biologist, Biology Researcher, Cell Biologist, Cell Biology Scientist, Cellular Biologist, DNA Sequencing Associate, Electrophysiologist, Molecular Biologist +13 more

Core Tasks

  1. Maintain accurate laboratory records and data.
  2. Design molecular or cellular laboratory experiments, oversee their execution, and interpret results.
  3. Write grant applications to obtain funding.
  4. Perform laboratory procedures following protocols including deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequencing, cloning and extraction, ribonucleic acid (RNA) purification, or gel electrophoresis.
  5. Conduct research on cell organization and function, including mechanisms of gene expression, cellular bioinformatics, cell signaling, or cell differentiation.
  6. Prepare or review reports, manuscripts, or meeting presentations.
  7. Instruct undergraduate and graduate students within the areas of cellular or molecular biology.
  8. Direct, coordinate, organize, or prioritize biological laboratory activities.
  9. Compile and analyze molecular or cellular experimental data and adjust experimental designs as necessary.
  10. Evaluate new technologies to enhance or complement current research.
  11. Provide scientific direction for project teams regarding the evaluation or handling of devices, drugs, or cells for in vitro and in vivo disease models.
  12. Supervise technical personnel and postdoctoral research fellows.
  13. Monitor or operate specialized equipment, such as gas chromatographs and high pressure liquid chromatographs, electrophoresis units, thermocyclers, fluorescence activated cell sorters, and phosphorimagers.
  14. Conduct applied research aimed at improvements in areas such as disease testing, crop quality, pharmaceuticals, and the harnessing of microbes to recycle waste.
  15. Develop guidelines for procedures such as the management of viruses.
  16. Develop assays that monitor cell characteristics.
  17. Coordinate molecular or cellular research activities with scientists specializing in other fields.
  18. Verify all financial, physical, and human resources assigned to research or development projects are used as planned.
  19. Evaluate new supplies and equipment to ensure operability in specific laboratory settings.

Supplemental Tasks (3)

  1. Participate in all levels of bioproduct development, including proposing new products, performing market analyses, designing and performing experiments, and collaborating with operations and quality control teams during product launches.
  2. Confer with vendors to evaluate new equipment or reagents or to discuss the customization of product lines to meet user requirements.
  3. Design databases, such as mutagenesis libraries.

Education & Training

Job Zone 5 Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed
Education: Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree).
Experience: Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job.
On-the-Job Training: Employees may need some on-the-job training, but most of these occupations assume that the person will already have the required skills, knowledge, work-related experience, and/or training.

Education Level Distribution

Percentage of workers in this occupation with each education level.

Bachelor's Degree
35%
Post-Doctoral Training
35%
Doctoral Degree
23%
Master's Degree
8%

Technology & Tools

Hot Technologies

  • Adobe Illustrator
  • C++
  • Git
  • Microsoft Access
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Microsoft PowerPoint
  • Microsoft Word
  • Python
  • R
  • The MathWorks MATLAB

Software (44)

  • AcaClone pDRAW32
  • Agilent CGH Analytics
  • Agilent Technologies GeneSpring GX
  • Basic Local Alignment Search Tool BLAST
  • Blast Output Browser BOB
  • CRI-MAP
  • ClustalW
  • Corel CorelDraw Graphics Suite
  • Corel WordPerfect Office Suite
  • Data mining software
  • Delila
  • Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA libraries
  • EnzymeX
  • FASTA
  • FASTLINK
  • Gene Recognition and Assembly Internet Link GRAIL
  • Genotyping software
  • Geospiza GeneSifter
  • GraphPad Software GraphPad Prism
  • Laboratory information management system LIMS
  • Magma Design Automation software
  • Mathsoft Mathcad
  • Mendel
  • Michigan State University MSU ProFlex
  • Minitab
  • Molecular Devices Corporation MetaMorph
  • NetPrimer
  • PHYLIP
  • Primer3
  • RasMol
  • Textco BioSoftware Gene Inspector
  • Web browser software
  • Wolfram Research Mathematica

Tools & Equipment (67)

  • Automated DNA sequencing equipment
  • Automated cell counters
  • Automated microscopes
  • Automatic carbon dioxide CO2 incubators
  • Bacterial plate incubators
  • Centrifuge tubes
  • Charge-coupled device CCD cameras
  • Chemical hoods
  • Cloning cylinders
  • Cloning kits
  • Computerized axial tomography CAT scanners
  • Cooled benchtop centrifuges
  • Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA synthesizers
  • Desktop computers
  • Dessicators
  • Dissecting microscopes
  • Electrophoresis cameras
  • Emergency eye wash stations
  • Flow cytometers
  • Fluorescence microscopes
  • Fluorimeters
  • Gas chromatography equipment
  • Gel electrophoresis equipment
  • Gel imaging apparatus
  • Glass beakers
  • Gradiant thermocyclers
  • Heat blocks
  • High pressure liquid chromatograph HPLC equipment
  • Inverted binocular microscopes
  • Laboratory binocular optical microscopes
  • Laboratory chemical autoclaves
  • Laboratory floor centrifuges
  • Laboratory freezers
  • Laboratory orbital shakers
  • Laboratory transfer pipettes
  • Laboratory vacuum pumps
  • Laboratory water baths
  • Laminar flow hoods
  • Laptop computers
  • Magnetic resonance imaging MRI systems
  • Magnetic stirring hot plates
  • Manual single channel positive displacement pipettes
  • Manual single channel repeating pipetters
  • Mass spectrometers
  • Microbalances
  • Microcentrifuges
  • Microplate readers
  • Multichannel micropipettes
  • Nuclear magnetic resonance NMR spectroscopes
  • Nucleic acid hybridization ovens
  • Personal computers
  • Phosphorimagers
  • Polymerase chain reaction PCR equipment
  • Polymerase chain reaction PCR thermocyclers
  • Robotic fluidics stations
  • Safety gloves
  • Scanning laser confocal microscopes
  • Serological kits
  • Spectrophotometers
  • Tabletop centrifuges
  • Thermocyclers
  • Ultraviolet-Visible UV/VIS spectrophotometers
  • Variable volume pipettes
  • Vortex rotators
  • Water purification systems
  • Yeast culture incubators
  • pH analyzers

Where This Career Leads

Career progression organized by specialty track and experience level.

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