Occupation

Physicists

Human Advantage 69%

Significant human skills needed

AI Automation Risk Low Risk
2.7 / 10

This occupation requires complex human judgment, social interaction, and creative problem-solving that are difficult to automate.

Conduct research into physical phenomena, develop theories on the basis of observation and experiments, and devise methods to apply physical laws and theories.

Also Known As: Aerodynamicist, Aerophysicist, Astrophysicist, Atmospheric Physicist, Atomic Spectroscopist, Biophysics Scientist, Cloud Physicist, Computational Physicist +30 more

Video

Core Tasks

  1. Perform complex calculations as part of the analysis and evaluation of data, using computers.
  2. Analyze data from research conducted to detect and measure physical phenomena.
  3. Describe and express observations and conclusions in mathematical terms.
  4. Design computer simulations to model physical data so that it can be better understood.
  5. Write research proposals to receive funding.
  6. Teach physics to students.
  7. Report experimental results by writing papers for scientific journals or by presenting information at scientific conferences.

Supplemental Tasks (3)

  1. Observe the structure and properties of matter, and the transformation and propagation of energy, using equipment such as masers, lasers, and telescopes, to explore and identify the basic principles governing these phenomena.
  2. Develop theories and laws on the basis of observation and experiments, and apply these theories and laws to problems in areas such as nuclear energy, optics, and aerospace technology.
  3. Collaborate with other scientists in the design, development, and testing of experimental, industrial, or medical equipment, instrumentation, and procedures.

Emerging Tasks

New and evolving responsibilities for this role:

  • Perform peer reviews of scientific papers.

Education & Training

Job Zone 5 Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed
Education: Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree).
Experience: Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job.
On-the-Job Training: Employees may need some on-the-job training, but most of these occupations assume that the person will already have the required skills, knowledge, work-related experience, and/or training.

Education Level Distribution

Percentage of workers in this occupation with each education level.

Doctoral Degree
49%
Post-Doctoral Training
39%
Post-Master's Certificate - awarded for completion of an organized program of study; designed for people who have completed a Master's degree but do not meet the requirements of academic degrees at the doctoral level.
8%
Bachelor's Degree
4%

Relevant College Majors

  • Physics, General CIP 40.0801Fundamental laws of matter, energy, and forces.

Technology & Tools

Hot Technologies

  • Adobe Photoshop
  • Amazon Web Services AWS software
  • Ansible software
  • Autodesk AutoCAD
  • C
  • C++
  • Eclipse IDE
  • Extensible markup language XML
  • Git
  • JavaScript
  • Linux
  • Microsoft Access
  • Microsoft Azure software
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Microsoft PowerPoint
  • Microsoft Visual Basic
  • Microsoft Visual Studio
  • Microsoft Windows
  • Microsoft Word
  • MySQL
  • Oracle Database
  • Oracle Java
  • Perl
  • Puppet
  • Python
  • Structured query language SQL
  • The MathWorks MATLAB
  • UNIX

Software (74)

  • Adobe Audition
  • Aptech Systems GAUSS
  • CERN Physics Analysis Workstation PAW
  • CERN ROOT
  • COMSOL Multiphysics
  • Canu
  • Criss Software XRF11
  • Database application software
  • Dose modeling software
  • Enterprise resource planning ERP system
  • Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System EPICS
  • Formula translation/translator FORTRAN
  • GNU Image Manipulation Program GIMP
  • GNU Octave
  • Gnuplot
  • Lenox Softworks VideoPoint
  • Maplesoft Maple
  • Mathsoft Mathcad
  • Microsoft Visual J++
  • National Instruments LabVIEW
  • OpenStack
  • OriginLab Origin
  • Pascal
  • Ploticus
  • REDUCE
  • RSI interactive data language IDL software
  • Radiation dose calculation software
  • RibbonSoft QCad
  • SQLite
  • SciGraphica
  • SciLab
  • Scribus
  • Software development tools
  • Spectral Dynamics STAR
  • Spectroscopy software
  • Statistical software
  • Sun Microsystems Java
  • Synergy Software KaleidaGraph
  • Systat Software SigmaPlot
  • VMware
  • Vector Fields OPERA-3d
  • Video analysis software
  • Wolfram Research Mathematica
  • Xfig
  • xv

Tools & Equipment (121)

  • Accelerometers
  • Analog frequency analyzers
  • Analog sound level meters
  • Analytical balances
  • Annealing furnaces
  • Arbitrary function generators
  • Argon ion lasers
  • Atomic absorption AA spectrometers
  • Atomic emission detectors AED
  • Atomic force microscopes
  • Betatrons
  • Big G torsion balances
  • Capacitance bridges
  • Cavity dumpers or drivers
  • Charge-coupled device CCD cameras
  • Computed tomography CT scanners
  • Conditioning amplifiers
  • Cryostats
  • Cyclotrons
  • Desktop computers
  • Diffusion pumps
  • Diffusion-pumped vacuum systems
  • Digital multimeters
  • Digital oscilloscopes
  • Digital plotters
  • Digital sound level meters
  • Digital voltmeters DVM
  • Diode lasers
  • Double monochromators
  • Electron microscopes
  • Fourier transform infrared FTIR spectrometers
  • Friction-force microscopes
  • Function generators
  • Galvanostats
  • Gamma ray spectrometers
  • Gas chromatography GC injectors
  • Gas chromatography equipment
  • Gaussmeters
  • Geiger-Muller counters
  • Grating monochromators
  • Headspace autosamplers
  • Helium lasers
  • Helium refrigerators
  • High intensity UV sources
  • High vacuum equipment
  • High-energy accelerators
  • High-resolution semiconductor detectors
  • High-resolution spectrometers
  • High-speed video cameras
  • Interferometers
  • Ionization chambers
  • Isotope ratio mass spectrometers
  • Laboratory box furnaces
  • Laboratory centrifugal pumps
  • Laboratory electromagnets
  • Laboratory tube furnaces
  • Laptop computers
  • Laser power meters
  • Leak detection equipment
  • Light scattering devices
  • Linear accelerators
  • Liquid helium level sensors
  • Magnetic force microscopes
  • Magnetic resonance imaging MRI systems
  • Mass spectrometers
  • Measuring microscopes
  • Mickelson interferometers
  • Microwave interferometers
  • Monochromators
  • Multiple diode lasers
  • Nanovoltmeters
  • Neutron detectors
  • Nuclear magnetic resonance NMR spectroscopes
  • Optical beamsplitting devices
  • Optical choppers
  • Optical detectors
  • Optical tables
  • Optical tweezers
  • Particle counters
  • Personal computers
  • Photodetectors
  • Photometer
  • Photon counting systems
  • Pinhole filters
  • Pistonphones
  • Portable fast Fourier transform FFT analyzers
  • Positive ion accelerators
  • Power amplifiers
  • Prism spectrometers
  • Programmable phase modulators
  • Pulsed nitrogen lasers
  • Radiation detecting film badges
  • Radiofrequency RF generators
  • Safety goggles
  • Scanning electron microscopes SEM
  • Scanning monochromators
  • Scanning tunneling microscopes STM
  • Scintillation probes
  • Semiconductor parameter analyzers
  • Signal generators
  • Single frequency dye lasers
  • Sound intensity probes
  • Spectrophotometers
  • Spectrum analyzers
  • Spring scales
  • Surface profilometers
  • Telescopes
  • Thermoluminescent dosimeters
  • Transmission electron microscopes TEM
  • Turbo-pumped vacuum systems
  • Two-channel dynamic signal analyzers
  • Two-channel fast Fourier transform FFT analyzers
  • Two-channel network analyzers
  • Vacuum stations
  • Vernier force sensors
  • Vibrating sample magnetometers
  • Vibration exciters
  • Visible spectrometers
  • X ray crystallography equipment
  • X ray photoemission spectrometers
  • Zeeman split lasers

Where This Career Leads

Career progression organized by specialty track and experience level.

Engineering Advanced Manufacturing

Zone 5
Physicists You are here

Biotechnology Research & Development Advanced Manufacturing

Zone 5
Physicists You are here

Military & National Security Advanced Manufacturing

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Real Talk

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